Brooder installation



Dec. 10, 1940. o. SELBY BROODER INSTALLATION Filed Nov. 9, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l v WM W Dec. 10, 1940. L. o. SELBY BROODER INSTALLATION Filed Nov. 9, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 10, 1940 UNITED STATES BRQODER INSTALLATION Lynn Otis Selby,

Sparmal Engineering tion of Connecticut Hartford,- Conn, assignor to The Corporation, a corpora- Application November 9, 1936, Serial No. 109,980

3 Claims.

My invention relates to brooder installations.

It has among its objects to provide an improved brooder installation and, moreparticularly, such an installation of the type adapted to be heated by products of combustion. A further object of my invention is to provide an improved brooder stove especially adapted to use inconnection with a hoverand to be heated by an oil burner. A still furtherobject of my invention is to provide such an installation having improved heat circulating means associated with the stove and adapted to cooperate therewith to produce effective and economical heating of the desired area in such manner as to promote the growth of the chicks and eliminate crowding. Another object of my invention is to provide improved air circulating means acting upon the products of combustion rising from the burner and so circulating the same in an improved manner as to produce the above results while delivering the products of combustion outside the brooder house and setting up an improved induced air flow by convection within the hover.

and toward and from the burner. Still other ob- 25 jects of my invention are toprovide improved means for supplying air to the burner, an improved adjustable mounting for the latter, and an improved associated means for leveling the burner base. These andother objects and adever, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one embodiment which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a complete brooder installation constructed in accordance with my improvements;

Fig. 1a is a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 1, part of the hover being broken away and the oil supply being omitted to facilitate illustration;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the stove shown in Figure 1 at right angles to the view shown therein, the hover being shown in section;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3--3 of Figure 1a;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 4-4 of Figure 3, the radially located hover supporting members being shown in full;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Figure 3, and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view on line 6-6 of Figure 5 withthe valve shown in elevation.

Inthe construction shown in Figures 1 to 6, it

vantages of my improved construction will, howwill be noted that I have shown a brooder installation including in addition to a hover I, an improved stove heated by a distillate type oil burner, generally indicated at 2, having the fuel supply thereto from a fuel reservoir 3 controlled 1 5 by thermostatically controlled valve mechanism, generally indicated at 4, and a metering valve 5; the stove being of an improved construction and including improved circulation means for. the products of combustion inducing an improved air 10 flow within the hover, and also having improved leveling means for the burner 2, all as hereinafter more fully described.

- Before referring .to the stove, it will be'noted that the burner 2 is of a usual distillate type including a carbon leg 6 and connected by a pipe I to the metering valve 5 whilethe thermostatically controlled valve 4 is disposed between. the metering valvezand a pipe 8 leading to the fuel supply}. Here, it will also be understood that the brooder installation including the burner 2, fuel supply 3, and valves 5 and 4, is of the general construction described and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 336,791, a continuation in part of Serial No. 2,075, that the fuel supply is provided with a vertically adjustable reservoir 9 of usual .type, and that my present invention is not concerned with the specific construction of any of these elements.

More particularly considering the stove... in which the burner 2 is mounted, it will be noted that herein the carbon leg 6 is suitably connected, as by nuts ill, to the upper horizontal web of an inverted channel member .I I, one end of which extends under the burner and is supported un- 5 der the latter, while the other end of the channel' extends laterally from the burner over the supply pipe I, all as hereinafter more specifically I brought out in connection with the leveling means. Here, however, it will be noted that a cy- 40 lindrical member l of greater diameter than the burner 2, encloses the latter and is also provided with a closed bottom 13 spaced below the. burner base and supported on a pair of legs Hi; this bottom l3 being connected" by the upper nut ID to the channel member H. As shown, the member I2 is also provided with a suitable number of lateral holes l5 just above the bottom l3,- four of such holes being illustrated herein, although obviously the number and size of these may be varied as desired to give the proper air flow to the burner. Further, above these holes l5 -an'inwardly extending annular flange I6 is carried within the member 12 which is spaced below the burner base and is provided with a central opening I1 substantially larger than the carbon leg and through which the carbon leg extends to the burner base. Thus, with the member I2 extending above the burner 2, it will be observed that an air supply is provided for the burner through the holes I5 and up through the enlarged opening I? surrounding the carbon leg, while the products of combustion will pass upward from the burner in the member I2 into a top section I3 of decreasing cross section and extending through the top of the hover I, the upper end of the section I B being covered by a removable cover I9.

In my improved construction, improved means are provided for circulating the products of combustion flowing upward in the member I2. Herein, these means include a sloping baffle 29 of curved cross section, shown in Figure 4, which opens upward through an opening 28' toward the closed portion I8 at the top of the cylindrical member I2. These means further include an annular chamber 2! comprising a horizontal upper annular flange member 22 surrounding the top of the member I2 and a downwardly inclined bottom member 23 likewise extending around the chamber I2, and cooperating therewith to form an annular chamber of triangular cross section extending clear around the upper end of the member I2. Further, it will be noted .that an upstanding outlet pipe or stack 24 is connected to the top member 22 and also extends through the hover I to the atmosphere, this stack being located adjacent the baffle ill and a partition 24a also being disposed between the stack 24 and bafiie 28. Here also the member 22 is suitably attached to and spaced from the inside of the hover by suitably radially located depending members 25. Thus, it will be evident that the products of combustion rising from the burner 2 in the member IE, will pass up to the cover I9 and be deflected downward and pass out through the opening 26 at the top of the baffle plate 20 and into the annular chamber 2|, in which due to the partition 2 50., the gases will have to flow completely around the chamber 2|, as shown in Figure i, in order to reach the stack 24.

Cooperating with the means above described for extracting the heat from the products of combustion and distributing the heating effect thereof, is also improved means acting to supply an inner flow of clean heated air within the hover and wholly separate from the flow of the products of combustion. These means include a cylindrical bafile member 26 of greater diameter than the member I2 and enclosing the latter. Herein, this member 25 is imperforate throughout its length and of a length slightly greater than the height of the burner 2, with its lower end ex tending to a point just above the inlets I5 and its upper end extending to a point slightly below the bottom of the inclined member 23. As shown, this member 2% is also suitably supported in such manner as to permit free air circulation between the same and the member I2, as on the member I2 by one or more radially disposed members 21 of such construction and so spaced as not, to obstruct an upward flow of air between the members I2 and 26. As a result of this construction, it will be evident that as air flows into the inlet openings I5 to pass through the enlarged axial opening I I and to the burner 2, air will also be drawn up inside the bafile 26 and between the same and the member I2, in such manner as to heat this air and also cause a definite circulation of air flowing to the inclined member 23 and over the outer surface thereof and downward along the inside of the hover I toward the floor. At the same time, it will be understood that the heat radiated from the member I2 will heat the bafile 26, and that the latter, while its temperature will be somewhat kept down by the flow of air between its inner face and the member I2, will project heat outward around it in such manner as with the radiation from the part 23 and hover I to warm the area enclosed within the same.

Assuming that the burner 2 is in operation, it will be evident that the products of combustion passing up through the members I2 and I8 and being deflected downward into and around the chamber 2| in their passage to the outlet 24, as described, the member 23 will be efiectively heated. Further, with heated air flowing up through between the bafile 26 and the member I2, it will be evident that this heated air will be deflected laterally and further heated by the member 23 and directed against the inside surface of the cooler hover I which in turn will direct it downward close to the floor. Thus, a heated area close to the floor and of substantial width is produced by the stream of circulating air, extending inside and outside the bottom periphery of the hover, while the remainder of the surface within the hover will be heated to a relatively lower temperature as a result of radiation from the baffle member 26, the member 23 and the hover I. Further, it will be evident that after passing down toward the floor and when just outside the bottom edge of the hover I, the heated air will tend to rise. Further, it will be understood that fresh air willbe supplied to the burner inlets I5 from along the floor which in practice is covered with sawdust or the like.

Referring more particularly to my improved leveling means, it will be noted that the metering valve 5 and thermostatic valve 4 are herein mounted upon a single stand 28 which is in turn provided with a threaded supporting section 29 adapted to be adjustably threaded into the easlower end. Further, it will be noted that the upper horizontal web of the channel II is suitably clamped by a nut and plate connection 30 to the casing of the metering valve 5. Thus, with the two legs l4 supporting the member I2, by adjusting the stand 28 relative to its threaded support 29 by merely rotating the latter, it will be evident that the burner may be adjusted and leveled, as desired, to bring it into proper working relation; it also being understood that the supplemental reservoir 9 of the oil supply 3 will thereafter be correspondingly vertically adjusted.

In the use of my improved construction, it is found that a relatively wide heated zone or band is provided adjacent the level of the floor and extending outside and inside the bottom periphcry of the hover I, andthat the chicks, clue to the higher temperature in this band, tend to dispose themselves within its limits, as distinguished from tending to crowd up around the burner base. As a result of the larger heated area thus provided, and the useof controlled circulation of relatively warmer air therein and cooler air surrounding the burner base, it is thus made possible to make the chicks prefer thematerially larger and therefore safer, yet warmer area around the periphery of the hover which is heated by a moving stream of fresh air, and thereby not only eliminate losses due to crowding and sufiocation, but also produce more healthy and vigorous chicks, while permitting the chickens to run freely across the area beneath the hover without danger of burning. Attention is further directed to the fact that my improved construction is such as to extract a substantially increased amount of heat from the products of combustion while obtaining the results hereinabove described, the annular flow of heated gases being such as to transmit a substantial proportion of the heat to the inclined member 23, while the heated air in the area above the member 22 also tends to be drawn out by the flow of air down the inside of the hover I, Further, the annular flow described results in more even heating of the surface 23 irrespective of variations in temperature. Thus, even if one wall of the brooder house is colder than another, the member 23 and hover will still be uniformly heated. The construction is also such as to avoid overheating of any part with which the chicks or the attendant are apt to come in contact, while it will also be evident that due to the control of the products of combustion and the means provided for lowering the temperature thereof through the circulation described, any danger of fire is minimized. Attention is also directed to the facility with which the construction may be assembled and cleaned, and to the fact that if desired burners of different size may readily be substituted. Also, it will be noted that the construction is such as to permit the manufacture of the complete installation, including the hover, at relatively small expense. These and other advantages of my improved construction will, however, be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

No claim is made herein to the oil burner and its mounting, casing, leveling, and oil and air supply means, this subject matter being claimed in a divisional application, No. 365,316, filed November 12, 1940.

While I have in this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that the same may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a heater installation, a heater enclosing casing forming a vertically elongated chamber, a heater in the lower end of said chamber delivering products of combustion upwardly therein and having air inlet means at the lower end of said chamber, annular chamber forming means surrounding said casing intermediate its ends receiving products of combustion therefrom through a lateral aperture in one side of said casing and discharging the same to the atmosphere at a peripherally spaced point, inwardly and upwardly inclined baflle means extending upward from the inner wall of said casing below said aperture and cooperating with said chamber walls for deflecting and directing the rising products of combustion from said heater upwardly along the opposite side wall of said casing above said annular chamber and downwardly along said apertured wall, and deflecting said downwardly directed stream into'said an-- nular chamber, and a heat directing member carried by the upper end of said casing having downwardly and outwardly directed side walls enclosing said casing and directing rising heated air downwardly into the air stream flowing toward said inlet means.

2. In a heater installation, a generally cylindrical heater enclosing casing forming a vertically elongated chamber closed at the top and having lateral air inlet openings adjacent the bottom thereof, a heater axially located in the lower end of said chamber above said bottom air inlet openings having side walls spaced from the side walls of said casing and having vertical air passages extending through said heater and delivering products of combustion upwardly into the top of said chamber, a plate in said casing beneath said heater and above said air inlet openings having a central opening directing the air from said inlet openings axially into said chamber beneath said heater, annular chamber forming means surrounding said casing intermediate its ends receiving products of combustion therefrom through a lateral aperture in one side of said casing and discharging the same to the atmosphere at a peripherally spaced point,

bafiie means on the wall of said casing adjacent said aperture directing the rising products of combustion from said heater to flow upwardly along the opposite side wall of said casing and directing said products of combustion into said annular chamber as they flow downwardly along said apertured side wall, and an annular heat directing member carried by the upper end of said 7 casing having a downwardly and outwardly directed bottom portion surrounding said annular chamber and directing the stream of air flowing upwardly along the heated surfaces of said casing and annular chamber downwardly into the air stream flowing toward said inlet openings.

3. In a heater installation, a generally cylindrical heater enclosing casing forming a verti-' cally elongated chamber closed at the top and having lateral air inlet openings adjacent the bottom. thereof, a heater in the lower end of said chamber above said bottom air inlet openings delivering products of combustion upwardly into the top of said chamber, annular chamber forming means surrounding said casing intermediate its ends receiving products of combustion therefrom through a lateral aperture in one side of said casing and discharging the same to the atmosphere at a peripherally spaced point, said annular chamber forming means including an upwardly and outwardly directed external heating surface, baflie means on the wall of said casing adjacent said aperture for deflecting the rising products of combustion from the heater upwardly along the opposite side walls of the casing and intercepting and directing the downwardly flowing stream into said annular chamber, an annular collar surrounding and spaced from the lower end of said casing having an annular open lower end adjacent said air inlet openings and an annular open upper end discharging rising air onto the upwardly and outwardly directed heated surface of said annular chamber forming means, and a heat directing member carried by the upper end of said casing having a downwardly and outwardly directed bottom portion surrounding said annular chamber forming means and directing downwardly the heated air rising along. said upwardly and outwardly directed surface thereof.

LYNN OTIS SELBY. 

